• \
    Start Submission Become a Reviewer

    Reading: Inter-annual and seasonal variations of energy and water vapour fluxes above a Pinus sylvest...

    Download

     A- A+
    Alt. Display

    Original Research Papers

    Inter-annual and seasonal variations of energy and water vapour fluxes above a Pinus sylvestris forest in the Siberian middle taiga

    Authors:

    Nadejda M. Tchebakova ,

    Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, RU
    X close

    Olaf Kolle,

    Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Postfach 100164, 07701 Jena, DE
    X close

    Daniil Zolotoukhine,

    Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, RU
    X close

    Almut Arneth,

    Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Postfach 100164, 07701 Jena, DE
    X close

    Julie M. Styles,

    Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Postfach 100164, 07701 Jena, DE
    X close

    Natalia N. Vygodskaya,

    Severtsov Institute for Evolution and Ecology Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt, 33, 330017 Moscow, RU
    X close

    E.-Detlef Schulze,

    Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Postfach 100164, 07701 Jena, DE
    X close

    Olga Shibistova,

    Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, RU
    X close

    Jon Lloyd

    Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Postfach 100164, 07701 Jena, DE
    X close

    Abstract

    Long-term eddy covariance measurements of energy and water fluxes and associated climatic parameters were carried out above a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forest in the middle taiga zone of Central Siberia. Data from June 1998 through October 2000 are presented. With the exception of winter 1998/1999, data collection over this period were more or less continuous. A distinct seasonality in surface energy exchange characteristics was observed in all years. In early spring in the absence of physiological activity by the vegetation, about 80% of the net radiation was partitioned for sensible heat, resulting in Bowen ratios, β, as high as 8. In the 1–2 wk period associated with onset of photosynthesis in spring, evaporation rates increased rapidly and β rapidly dropped. However, even during summer months, sensible heat fluxes typically exceeded latent heat fluxes and β remained above 2.0. Observed daily evaporation rates varied between 0.5–1.0 mm d−1 in spring and autumn and 1.5–2 mm d−1 in midsummer. The overall average for the three growing seasons examined was 1.25 mm d−1. Precipitation was on average 230 mm for the growing period, with evaporation over the same time being about 190 mm for both 1999 and 2000. This represented only about 35% of the equilibrium evaporation rate. There was typically a positive hydrological balance of 40 mm for the growing season as a whole. However, in all three years examined, evaporation exceeded precipitation totals by 20–40 mm in at least one calendar month during summer.

    During the growing season, daily averaged surface conductances varied between 0.15 and 0.20 mol m−2 s−1 (3–4.5 mm s−1) in dry or cool months and 0.30–0.35 mol m−2 s−1 (6.5–8 mm s−1) in moist and warm months. Despite a negative hydrological balance during midsummer, there was little evidence for reduced canopy conductances in response to soil water deficits. This may have been the consequence of roots accessing water from within or just above a perched water table, located at about 2 m depth.

    How to Cite: Tchebakova, N.M., Kolle, O., Zolotoukhine, D., Arneth, A., Styles, J.M., Vygodskaya, N.N., Schulze, E.-D., Shibistova, O. and Lloyd, J., 2002. Inter-annual and seasonal variations of energy and water vapour fluxes above a Pinus sylvestris forest in the Siberian middle taiga. Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 54(5), pp.537–551. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v54i5.16686
    1
    Views
      Published on 01 Jan 2002
    Peer Reviewed
     CC BY 4.0
     Accepted on 21 Jan 2002            Submitted on 9 Jul 2001

    References

    1. Anthoni , P. M. , Law , B. E. and Unsworth , M. H . 1999 . Carbon and water vapor exchange of an open-canopied ponderosa pine ecosystem. Agr. Forest. Meteorol . 95 , 151 – 168 .  

    2. Arneth , A. , Lloyd , J ., §antruovd , H. , Grigoriev , S. , Kalaschnikov , Y. N. , Gleixner , G. and Schulze , E.-D . 2001 . Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long-term trends in atmospheric CO2 concentration. Global Biogeochem. Cyc . (in press).  

    3. Arneth , A. , Kurbatova , J. , Lloyd , J ., Kolle , O. , Shibistova , O. , Vygodskaya , N. N. and Schulze , E.-D . Comparative ecosystem—atmosphere exchange of energy and mass in a western Russian and a central Siberian bog. Interseasonal and interannual variability of CO, fluxes . Tellus 54B , this issue.  

    4. Baldocchi , D. D. and Vogel , C. A . 1996 . Energy and CO2 flux densities above and below a temperature broad-leaved forest and boreal pine forest. Tree Physiol . 16 , 5 – 16 .  

    5. Baldocchi , D. D. , Vogel , C. A. and Hall , B. 1997 . Seasonal variation of energy and water vapor exchange rates above and below a boreal jack pine forest canopy. J. Geophys. Res . 102 , 28, 939-928, 951.  

    6. Baldocchi , D. D. , Kelliher , F. M. , Black , T. A. and Jarvis , P. 2000 . Climate and vegetation controls on boreal zone energy exchange. Global Change Biol . 6 , 69 - 83 .  

    7. Blancken , P. D. , Black , T. A. , Yang , P. C. , Neumann , H. H. and Nesic , Z. 1997 . Energy balance and canopy conductance of a boreal aspen forest: partitioning overstory and understory components. J. Geophys. Res . 102 , 28,915 - 28,928 .  

    8. Budyko , M. I . 1974 . Climate and life. Academic Press , New York , 508 pp .  

    9. Eugster , W. and Senn , W . 1995 . A cospectral correction model for measurements of turbulent NO2 flux. Boundary-Layer Meteorol . 74 , 321 – 340 .  

    10. Furyaev , V. V. , Vaganov , E. A. , Tchebakova , N. M. and Valendik , E. N . 2001 . Effects of fire and climate on successions and structural changes in the Siberian boreal forest. Eurasian J. Forest Res . 2 , 1 – 15 .  

    11. Goulden , M. L. , Munger , J. W. , Song-Miao Fan , Daube , B. C. and Wofsy , S. C. 1996 . Measurements of carbon sequestration by long-term eddy covariance: methods and a critical evaluation of accuracy. Global Change Biol . 2 , 169 - 182 .  

    12. Grelle , A. , Lindroth , M. and Molder , M . 1999 . Seasonal variation of boreal surface conductance and evapora-tion. Agr. Forest Meteorol . 98-99, 563 - 578 .  

    13. Hollinger , D. Y. , Kelliher , F. M. , Schulze , E.-D. , Bauer , G. , Arneth , A. , Byers , J. N. , Hunt , J. E. , McSeveny , T. M. , Kobak , K. I. , Milukova , I. , Sogatchev , A. , Tatarinov , F. , Varlagin , A. , Ziegler , W. and Vygodskaya, N. N. 1998. Forest-atmosphere carbon dioxide exchange in eastern Siberia. Agr. Forest Meteorol . 90 , 291 - 306 .  

    14. Hollinger , D. Y. , Goltz , S. M. , Davidson , E. A. , Lee , J. T. , Tu , K. and Valentine , H. T . 1999 . Seasonal patterns and environmental control of carbon dioxide and water vapor exchange in an ecotonal boreal forest. Global Change Biol . 5 , 891 – 902 .  

    15. Jarvis , P. G. , Massheder , J. M. , Hale , S. E. , Moncrieff , J. B. , Rayment , M. and Scott , S. L . Seasonal variation of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy exchanges of a boreal black spruce forest . 1997 . J. Geophys. Res . 102 (D24), 28,953 - 28,966 .  

    16. Kelliher , F. M. , Hollinger , D. Y. , Schulze , E.-D. , Vygodskaya , N. N. , Byers , J. N. , Hunt , J. E. , McSeveny , T. M. , Milukova , I. M. , Sogatchev , A. , Varlagin , A. , Ziegler , W. , Arneth , A. and Bauer , G . 1997 . Evapora-tion from an eastern Siberian larch forest. Agr. Forest. Meteorol . 85 , 135 – 147 .  

    17. Kelliher , F. M. , Lloyd , J. , Arneth , A. , Byers , J. N. , McSeveny , T. M. , Milukova , I. M. , Grigoriev , S. , Panfyorov , M. , Sogatchev , A. , Varlagin , A. , Ziegler , W. , Bauer , G. and Schulze , E.-D . 1998 . Evaporation from a central Siberian pine forest. J. Hydrol . 205 , 279 – 296 .  

    18. Kelliher , F. M. , Lloyd , J. , Arneth , A. , Liihker , B. , Byers , J. N. , McSeveny , T. M. , Milukova , I. M. ,. Grigoriev , S. , Panfyorov , M. , Sogatchev , A. , Varlagin , A. , Ziegler , W. , Bauer , G. , Wong , S.-C. and Schulze , E.-D . 1999 . Carbon dioxide efflux density from the floor of a central Siberian pine forest. Agr. Forest Meteorol . 94 , 217 – 232 .  

    19. Kelliher , F. M. , Lloyd , J. , Baldocchi , D. , Rebmann , C. , Wirth , Ch. and Schulze , E.-D . 2001 . Evaporation in the boreal zone: physics, vegetation and climate. In: Global biogeochemical cycles in the climate system (eds. E.-D. Schulze, S. P. Harrison, M. Heimann, E. A. Holland, J. Lloyd, I. C. Prentice and D. Schimel). Academic Press, San Diego, 151 - 166 .  

    20. Kurbatova , J. , Arneth , A. , Vygodskaya , N. N. , Tchebakova , N. M. , Kolle , O. , Varlargin , A. B. , Milyukova , I. M. , Schulze , E.-D. and Lloyd , J. 2002 . Ecosystem—atmosphere exchange of energy and mass in a European Russian and a central Siberian bog I. Interseasonal and interannual variability of energy and latent heat fluxes during the snowfree period. Tellus 54B , this issue.  

    21. Lloyd , J. , Langenfelds , R. , Francey , R. J. , Gloor , M. , Zolothukine, D. Tchebakova , N. M. , Shibistova O. , Allison , C. A. , Brand , W. A. , Werner , R. and Schulze , E.-D . 2002 . A first CO2 and trace gas climatotology above Zotino, central Siberia. Tellus 54B , this issue. McMillen, R. P. 1988. An eddy correlation technique with extended applicability to non-simple terrain. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 43 , 231 - 245 .  

    22. Orlov , A. Y. and Koshelkov , S. P . 1971 . Soil ecology of Pinus sylvestris. Nauka , Moscow , 323 pp .  

    23. Pivovarova , Z. I . 1977 . Radiative characteristics of the USSR climate . Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad, 336 pp (in Russian).  

    24. Rauner , Yu. L. 1972 . Heat-energy balance of the vegeta-tional cover . Hydrometeoizdat, Leningrad, 210 pp (in Russian).  

    25. Reference book on climate of the USSR , 1966-1970. Vol. MY . Issues 21-24 . Hydrometeoizdat, Leningrad (in Russian).  

    26. Schmid , H. P. , Grimmond , C. S. B. , Cropley , F. , Offerle , B. and Hong-Bing Su. 2000 . Measurement of CO2 and energy fluxes over a mixed hardwood forest in the mid-western United States. Agr. Forest Met-eorol . 103 , 357 – 374 .  

    27. Schuepp , P. H. , Leclerc , M. Y. , McPherson , J. I. and Desjardins , R. L . 1990 . Footprint prediction of scalar fluxes from analytical solutions of the diffusion equa-tion. Boundary-Layer Meteorol . 50 , 355 – 374 .  

    28. Schulze , E.-D. , Lloyd , J. , Kelliher , F. M. , Wirth , C. , Rebmann , C. , Luhker , B. , Mund , M. , Knohl , A. , Milyukova , I. M. , Schulze , W. , Ziegler , W. , Varlagin , A. B. , Sogachev , A. F. , Valentini , R. , Dore , S. , Grigoriev , S. , Kolle , O. , Panfyorov , M. I. , Tchebakova , N. and Vygodskaya, N. N. 1999. Produc-tivity of forests in the Eurosiberian boreal region and their potential to act as a carbon sink — a synthesis. Global Change Biol . 5 , 703 - 722 .  

    29. Shibistova , O. , Lloyd , J. , Kolle , O. , Arneth , A. and Schulze , E.-D . 2002a . Annual ecosystem respiration budget for a Pinus sylvestris stand in central Siberia. Tellus 54B , this issue.  

    30. Soil Survey Staff. 1998 . Keys to Soil Taxonomy , 8th edn. Pocahontas Press Inc., Blacksburg, VA, USA, 600 pp.  

    31. Valentini R. , Dore , S. , Marchi , G. , Mollicone , D. , Panfyorov , M. , Rebmann , C. , Kolle , O. and Schulze, E.-D. 2000. Carbon and water exchanges of two con-trasting central Siberia landscape types: regenerating forest and bog. Functional Ecology 14 , 87 - 96 .  

    32. Verma , S. B. , Baldocchi , D. D. , Anderson , D. E. , Matt , D. R. and Clement , R. E . 1986 . Eddy fluxes of CO2, water vapor and sensible heat over a deciduous forest. Boundary-Layer Meteorol . 36 , 71 – 91 .  

    33. Wilson , K. B. and Baldocchi , D. D . 2000 . Seasonal and interannual variability of energy fluxes over a broad-leaved temperate deciduous forest in North America. Agr. Forest Meteorol . 100 , 1 – 18 .  

    34. Wirth , C. , Schulze , E.-D. , Schulze , W. , von Stunzner-Karbe , D. , Ziegler , W. , Miljukova , I. M. , Sogatchev , A. , Varlagin , A. B. , Panvyorov , M. , Grigorev , S. , Kuznet-zova , W. , Siry , M. , Hardes , G. , Zimmermann , R. and Vygodskaya , N. N . 1999 . Above-ground biomass and structure of pristine Siberian Scots pine forests as con-trolled by competition and fire. Oecologia 121 , 66 – 80 .  

    35. Zimmermann , R. , Schulze , E.-D. , Wirth , C. , Schulze , E.-E. , McDonald , K. , Vygodskaya , N. and Ziegler , W . 2000 . Canopy transpiration in a chronosequence of Central Siberian pine forests. Global Change Biol . 6 , 25 – 37 .  

    Jump to Discussions Related content
    comments powered by Disqus