• \
    Start Submission Become a Reviewer

    Reading: Morphology and state of mixture of atmospheric soot aggregates during the winter season over...

    Download

     A- A+
    Alt. Display

    Original Research Papers

    Morphology and state of mixture of atmospheric soot aggregates during the winter season over Southern Asia–a quantitative approach

    Authors:

    Esther Coz ,

    Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, SE
    X close

    Caroline Leck

    Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, SE
    X close

    Abstract

    The atmospheric brown cloud phenomena characterized by a high content of soot and a large impact on the solar radiative heating especially affects the tropical Indian Ocean during the winter season. The present study focuses on morphological characteristics and state of mixture of soot aggregates during the winter season over India. Given are quantitative measures of size, morphology and texture on aggregates collected in air at two different sites: Sinhagad near Pune in India and Hanimaadhoo in Maldives. For the latter site two different synoptic patterns prevailed: advection of air from the Arabian region and from the Indian subcontinent, respectively.

    Aggregates collected at Sinhagad, were associated with open branched structures, characteristic of fresh emission and diameters between 220 and 460 nm. The Hanimaadhoo aggregates were associated with aged closed structures, smaller sizes (130-360 nm) and frequently contained inorganic inclusions. Those arriving from the Indian subcontinent were characterized by the presence of an additional organic layer that covered the aggregate structure. These organic coatings might be a reasonable explanation of the low average wash-out ratios of soot two to seven times lower than that of nss-SO4 2- that have been reported for air flow arriving at Hanimaadhoo from the Indian subcontinent in winter.

    How to Cite: Coz, E. and Leck, C., 2011. Morphology and state of mixture of atmospheric soot aggregates during the winter season over Southern Asia–a quantitative approach. Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 63(1), pp.107–116. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2010.00513.x
    2
    Views
      Published on 01 Jan 2011
    Peer Reviewed
     CC BY 4.0
     Accepted on 22 Sep 2010            Submitted on 18 Jun 2010

    References

    1. Adachi , K. and Buseck , P. R . 2008 . Internally mixed soot, sulfates, and organic matter in aerosol particles from Mexico City . Atmos. Chem. Phys . 8 , 6469 – 6481 .  

    2. Andreae , M. O. and Gelencser , A . 2006 . Black carbon or brown carbon? The nature of light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosols . Atmos. Chem. Phys . 6 , 3131 – 3148 .  

    3. Bond , T. C. , Streets , D. G. , Yarber , K. F. , Nelson , S. M. , Woo , J.-H. and co-authors . 2004 . A technology-based global inventory of black and organic carbon emissions from combustion. J. Geophys. Res . 109 , D14203 , doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003697 .  

    4. Buseck , P. R. and POsfai , M . 1999 . Airborne minerals and related aerosol particles: effects on climate and the environment . PNAS 96 , 3372 – 3379 , doi: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.3396.3377.3372 .  

    5. Cooper , G. R. J. and Cowan , D. R . 2005 . The use of textural analysis to locate features in geophysical data . CompuL Geosci . 31 , 882 – 890 .  

    6. Coz , E. , Arthiano , B. , Robinson , A. L. , Casuccio , G. S. , Lersch , T. L. and co-authors . 2008 . Individual Particle Morphology and Acidity. Aerosol Sci. TechnoL 42 , 224 - 232 .  

    7. Coz , E. , Gómez-Moreno , F. J. , Pujadas , M. , Casuccio , G. S. , Lersch , T. L. and co-authors . 2009 . Individual particle characteristics of North African dust under different long-range transport scenarios . Atmos. Environ . 43 , 1850– 1863 .  

    8. Chalcrabarty , R. K. , Moosmfiller , H. , Arnott , W. P. , Garro , M. A. and Walker , J . 2006a . Structural and fractal properties of parti-cles emitted from spark ignition engines . Environ. Sci. Technol . 40 , 6647 – 6654 .  

    9. Chalcrabarty , R. K. , Moosmfiller , H. , Garro , M. A. , Arnott , W. P. , Walker , J. and co-authors . 2006b . Emissions from the laboratory combustion of wildland fuels: particle morphology and size. J. Geophys. Res . 111 , D07204.  

    10. Engstiim , E. and Leek , C . 2010 . Reducing uncertainties associated with filter-based optical measurement of soot aerosol particles with chem-ical information . Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss . 3 , 1197 – 1227 .  

    11. Foster , P. , Ramaswamy , V. , Artaxo , P. , Berntsen , T. , Betts , R. and co-authors . 2007 . Changes in atmospheric constituents and in radiative forcing. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (eds S. Solomon , D. Qin , M. Manning , Z. Chen , M. Marquis et al ). Cambridge University Press , Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA .  

    12. Franklin , S. E. and Peddle , D. R . 1987 . Texture analysis of digital image data using spatial cooccurrence . CompuL Geosci . 13 , 293 – 311 .  

    13. Fuller , K. A. , Malm , W. C. and Kreidenweis , S. M . 1999 . Effects of mixing on extinction by carbonaceous particles . J. Geophys. Res. 104(D13) , 15 941-15 954 .  

    14. Granat , L. , Engstom , E. , Praveen , S. and Rodhe , H . 2010 . Light abssorp-tion material (“soot”) in rainwater and in aerosol particles in the Mal-dives . J. Geophys. Res . , 115 , D16307 , doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD013768 .  

    15. Grieshop , A. P. , Donahue , N. M. and Robinson , A. L . 2009 . Labo-ratory investigation of photochemical oxidation of organic aerosol from wood fires 2: analysis of aerosol mass spectrometer data . Atmos. Chem. Phys . 9 , 2227 – 2240 .  

    16. Gurjar , B. R. , Butler , T. M. , Lawrence , M. G. and Lelieveld , J . 2008 . Evaluation of emissions and air quality in megacities . Atmos. Environ . 42 , 1593 – 1606 .  

    17. Gustafsson , O. , Krusa , M. , Zencak , Z. , Sheesley , R. J. , Granat , L. and co-authors . 2009 . Brown clouds over South Asia: Biomass or fossil fuel combustion? Science 323 , 495 - 498 .  

    18. Haralick , R. M. , Shanmugam , K. and Dinsein , I . 1973 . Textural features for image classification . IEEE Trans. Syst., mand Cybem . 3 , 610 – 621 .  

    19. Hasegawa , S. and Ohta , S . 2002 . Some measurements of the mixing state of soot-containing particles at urban and non-urban sites . Atmos. Environ . 36 , 3899 – 3908 .  

    20. Heintzenberg , J . 1978 . Light scattering parameters of internal and ex-ternal mixtures of soot and non-absorbing material in atmospheric aerosols . In: Proceedings of the Conference on Carbonaceous Parti-cles in the Atmosphere , Berkley , CA (USA ).  

    21. Johnson , K. S. , Zuberi , B. , Molina , L. T. , Molina , M. J. , Iedema, M. J. and co-authors . 2005 . Processing of soot in an urban environment: case study from the Mexico City Metropolitan Area. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 5 , 3033 - 3043 .  

    22. Kalashnikova , O. V. and Sokolilc , I. N . 2002 . Importance of shapes and compositions of wind-blown dust particles for remote sensing at solar wavelengths . Geophys. Res. Lett . 29 , 1398 – 1402 .  

    23. Katrinalc , K. A. , Rez , P. and Buseck , P. R . 1992 . Structural variations in individual carbonaceous particles from an urban aerosol . Environ. Sci. Technol . 26 , 1967 – 1976 .  

    24. Katrinalc , K. A. , Rez , P. , Perkes , P. R. and Buseck , P. R . 1993 . Fractal geometry of carbonaceous aggregates from an urban aerosol . Environ. Sci. Technol . 27 , 539 – 547 .  

    25. Kaye , B. H . 1994 . A Random Walk Through Fractal Dimensions . VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, John Wiley & Sons Inc , Weinheim , Ger-many .  

    26. Kindratenlco , V. V. , Van Espen , P. J. M. , Treiger , B. A. and Van Grieken , R. E . 1994 . Fractal dimensional classification of aerosol particles by computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy . Environ. Sci. Technol . 28 , 2197 – 2202 .  

    27. Kis , V. K. , Posfai , M. and Labar , J. L . 2006 . Nanostructure of atmo-spheric soot particles . Atmos. Environ . 40 , 5533 – 5542 .  

    28. Liu , L. and Mishchenko , M. I . 2005 . Effects of aggregation on scatter-ing and radiative properties of soot aerosols . J. Geophys. Res . 110 , D11211 , doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005649 .  

    29. Liu , L. and Mishchenko , M. I . 2007 . Scattering and radiative properties of complex soot and soot-containing aggregate particles . J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 106 , 262 – 273 .  

    30. Liu , L. , Mishchenko , M. I. and Patrick Arnott , W . 2008 . A study of radiative properties of fractal soot aggregates using the superposition T-matrix method . J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 109 , 2656 – 2663 .  

    31. Mandelbrot , B. B . 1982 . The Fractal Geometry of Nature.W . H. Freeman and Co, New York.  

    32. Martins , J. V. , Artaxo , R , Liousse , C. , Reid , J. S. , Hobbs , P. V. and co-authors . 1998 . Effects of black carbon content, particle size, and mixing on light absorption by aerosols from biomass burning in Brazil. J. Geophys. Res . 103 , 32041 - 32050 .  

    33. Moosmiiller , H. , Chalcrabarty , R. K. and Arnott , W. P . 2009 . Aerosol light absorption and its measurement: a review . J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 110 , 844 – 878 .  

    34. Nair , S. K. , Parameswaran , K. and Rajeev , K . 2005 . Seven year satellite observations of the mean structures and variabilities in the regional aerosol distribution over the oceanic areas around the Indian subcon-tinent . Ann. Geophys . 23 , 2011 – 2030 .  

    35. Ogren , J. A. and Charlson , R. J . 1983 . Elemental carbon in the atmo-sphere: cycle and lifetime . Tellus 35B , 241 – 254 .  

    36. Persiantseva , N. M. , Popovicheva , O. B. and Shonija , N. K . 2004 . Wet-ting and hydration of insoluble soot particles in the upper troposphere . J. Environ. Monit . 6 , 939 – 945 .  

    37. Posfai , M. , Gelencser , A. , Simonics , R. , Arató , K. , Li , J. and co-authors . 2004 . Atmospheric tar balls: Particles from biomass and biofuel burning. J. Geophys. Res . 109 , D06213 , doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/02003JD004169 .  

    38. Pruppacher , H. R. and Klett , J. D . 1997 . Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation.Kluwer Academic Publishers , Dordrecht .  

    39. Quiang , W. , Merchant , F. and Castleman , K. R . 2008 . Microscope Image Processing . Elsevier, Burlington , MA .  

    40. Ramanathan , V , Chung , C. , Kim , D. , Bettge , T. , Buja , L. and co-authors . 2005 . Atmospheric brown clouds: impacts on South Asian climate and hydrological cycle. PNAS 102 , 5326 - 5333  

    41. Rogalc , S. N. , Flagan , R. C. and Nguyen , H. V . 1993 . The mobility and structure of aerosol agglomerates . Aerosol Sci. Technol . 18 , 25 – 47 .  

    42. Rogers , C. F. , Hudson , J. G. , Hallett , J. and Penner , J. E . 1991 . Cloud droplet nucleation by crude oil smoke and coagulated crude oil/wood smoke particles . Atmos. Environ. Part A. General Topics 25 , 2571 – 2580 .  

    43. Sachdeva , K. and Attri , A. K . 2008 . Morphological characterization of carbonaceous aggregates in soot and free fall aerosol samples . Atmos. Environ . 42 , 1025 – 1034 .  

    44. Schmidt-Ott , A . 1988 . In situ measurement of the fractal dimensionallity of ultrafine aerosol particles . App. Phys. Lett . 52 , 954 – 956 .  

    45. Seinfeld , J. H. and Pandis , S. N . 1998 . Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change . John Wiley & Sons Inc , New York .  

    46. Semeniuk , T. A. , Wise , M. , Martin , S. , Russell , L. and Buseck , P . 2007a . Hygroscopic behavior of aerosol particles from biomass fires using environmental transmission electron microscopy . J. Atmos. Chem . 56 , 259 – 273 .  

    47. Semeniuk , T. A. , Wise , M. E. , Martin , S. T. , Russell , L. M. and Buseck , P. R . 2007b . Water uptake characteristics of individual atmospheric particles having coatings . Atmos. Environ . 41 , 6225 – 6235 .  

    48. Shi , Z. , Zhang , D. , Ji , H. , Hasegawa , S. and Hayashid , M . 2008 . Modi-fication of soot by volatile species in an urban atmosphere . Sci. Total Environ . 389 , 195 – 201 , doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.1008.1016 .  

    49. Shiraiwa , M. , Kondo , Y. , Iwamoto , T. and Kita , K . 2010 . Amplification of light absorption of black carbon by organic coating . Aerosol Sci. Technol . 44 , 46 – 54 .  

    50. Smekens , A. , Godoi , R. H. M. , Vervoort , M. , Van Espen , P. , Potgieter-Vermaak , S. S. and co-authors . 2007 . Characterization of individual soot aggregates from different sources using image analysis. J. Atmos. Chem . 56 , 211 - 223 .  

    51. Spencer , M. T. , Holecek , J. C. , Corrigan , C. E. , Ramanathan , V. and Prather , K. A . 2008 . Size-resolved chemical composition of aerosol particles during a monsoonal transition period over the Indian Ocean . J. Geophys. Res . 113 , D16305 , doi: https://doi.org/10.11029/12007JDO08657 .  

    52. Subramanian , R. , Donahue , N. , Bernardo-Bricker , A. , Rogge , W. and Robinson , A. L . 2007 . Insights into the primary-secondary and regional-local contributions to organic aerosol and PM2.5 mass in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania . Atmos. Environ . 41 , 7414 – 7433 .  

    53. Szidat , S. , Previlt , A. S. H. , Sandradewi , J. , Alfarra , M. R. , Synal , H.-A. and co-authors . 2007 . Dominant impact of residential wood burning on particulate matter in Alpine valleys during winter. Geophys. Res. Lett . 34.  

    54. Takahama , S. , Liu , S. and Russell , L. M . 2010 . Coatings and clus-ters of carboxylic acids in carbon-containing atmospheric par-ticles from spectromicroscopy and their implications for cloud-nucleating and optical properties . J. Geophys. Res . 115 , D01202 , doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JDO12622 .  

    55. Vainshtein , P. , Shapiro , M. and Gutfinger , C . 2004 . Mobility of per-meable aggregates: effects of shape and porosity. J. Aerosol Sci . 35 , 383 – 404 .  

    56. Van Gilijk , C ., J.C.M., M. , Malckee , M. , Molijn , J. A. and Schmidt-Ott , A. 2004. Measuring diesel soot with an scanning mobility particle sizer and electrical low pressure impactor: perfomance assessment with a model for fractal-like agglomerates. J. Aero. Sci . 35 , 636 - 655 .  

    57. Vernooij , M. G. C. , Mohr , M. , Tzvetkov , G. , Zelenay , V. , Huthwelker , T. and co-authors . 2009 . On Source Identification and Alteration of Sin-gle Diesel and Wood Smoke Soot Particles in the Atmosphere; An X-Ray Microspectroscopy Study. Environ. Sci. TechnoL 43 , 5339 - 5344 , doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/es800773h .  

    58. Xiong , C. and Friedlander , S. K . 2001 . Morphological properties of atmospheric aerosol aggregates . PNAS 98 , 11851 – 11856 .  

    Jump to Discussions Related content
    comments powered by Disqus