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    Original Research Papers

    Neutralization of rainwater acidity at Kanpur, India

    Authors:

    Sheo Prasad Shukla ,

    Civil Engineering Department, Institute of Engineering and Technology (Constituent College of Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow), IN
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    Mukesh Sharma

    Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, IN
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    Abstract

    Particulate matter (PM) levels show significant seasonal variability and this can influence the neutralization of rainwater acidity. Months were grouped in two periods: monsoon (July to October) and non-monsoon (November to June) for studying the seasonal variability in PM and rainwater composition. To clearly establish the cause effect relationship of acid rain neutralization, a two tier model was proposed involving source apportionment of particulates at two levels: (i) ambient air and (ii) rainwater particulate interaction. For modelling purpose, PM10 (n = 100), soil (n = 4) and rainwater (n = 83) samples were collected at Kanpur, India during 2000–2002. The collected samples were analysed for metals and water soluble ion composition to employ factor analysis for source identification. Knowledge of statistical correlation and chemistry fundamentals were combined to estimate the sources for acid rain neutralization. NH4 + was a dominating ion responsible for neutralizing the acidity of rainwater in monsoon period and Ca2+ was dominating in non-monsoon period. Components of secondary particles (SO4 2− and NO3 −) showed affinity with NH4 +, signifying the major role that ammonia can play if present in excess of stoichiometric requirements.

    How to Cite: Shukla, S.P. and Sharma, M., 2010. Neutralization of rainwater acidity at Kanpur, India. Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 62(3), pp.172–180. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2010.00454.x
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      Published on 01 Jan 2010
    Peer Reviewed
     CC BY 4.0
     Accepted on 4 Mar 2010            Submitted on 12 May 2010

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