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    Original Research Papers

    Observations on nocturnal growth of atmospheric clusters

    Authors:

    Heikki Junninen ,

    Department of Physics, Division of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics, FI
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    Mira Hulkkonen,

    Department of Physics, Division of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics, FI
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    Ilona Riipinen,

    Department of Physics, Division of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics, FI
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    Tuomo Nieminen,

    Department of Physics, Division of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics, FI
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    Anne Hirsikko,

    Department of Physics, Division of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics, FI
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    Tanja Suni,

    Department of Physics, Division of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics, FI
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    Michael Boy,

    Department of Physics, Division of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics, FI
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    Shan-Hu Lee,

    Department of Chemistry, Kent State University, US
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    Marko Vana,

    Department of Physics, Division of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics, FI; Department of Environmental Physics, University of Tartu, EE
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    Hannes Tammet,

    Department of Environmental Physics, University of Tartu, EE
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    Veli-Matti Kerminen,

    Finnish Meteorological Institute, Research and Development, FI
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    Markku Kulmala

    Department of Physics, Division of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics, FI
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    Abstract

    In this paper, we summarize recent observations of nighttime nucleation events observed during 4 yr, from 2003 to 2006, at the SMEAR II station in Hyytiäläa, southern Finland. Formation of new atmospheric aerosol particles has been frequently observed all around the world in daytime, but similar observations in nighttime are rare. The recently developed ion spectrometers enabled us to measure charged aerosol particles and ion clusters to diameters < 1 nm and are efficient tools for evaluating cluster dynamics during nighttime. We observed clear growth of cluster ions during approximately 60 nights per yr. The newly formed intermediate ions usually persisted for several hours with typical concentrations of 100–200 cm-3. The evolution of nighttime growth events is different compared with daytime events. The mechanism behind nighttime events is still unclear, but the behaviour can be described by the hypothesis of activation of clusters.

    How to Cite: Junninen, H., Hulkkonen, M., Riipinen, I., Nieminen, T., Hirsikko, A., Suni, T., Boy, M., Lee, S.-H., Vana, M., Tammet, H., Kerminen, V.-M. and Kulmala, M., 2008. Observations on nocturnal growth of atmospheric clusters. Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 60(3), pp.365–371. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00356.x
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      Published on 01 Jan 2008
    Peer Reviewed
     CC BY 4.0
     Accepted on 17 Mar 2008            Submitted on 25 Oct 2007

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