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    Original Research Papers

    A review of measurement and modelling results of particle atmosphere–surface exchange

    Authors:

    S. C. Pryor ,

    Atmospheric Science Program, Department of Geography, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, US; Department of Wind Energy and Atmospheric Physics, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, DK
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    M. Gallagher,

    Atmospheric Science Research Group, The University of Manchester, Manchester M60 1QD, GB
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    H. Sievering,

    Department of Geography & Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO 80217, US
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    S. E. Larsen,

    Department of Wind Energy and Atmospheric Physics, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, DK
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    R. J. Barthelmie,

    Department of Wind Energy and Atmospheric Physics, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, DK; Institute for Energy Systems, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, GB
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    F. Birsan,

    Atmospheric Science Program, Department of Geography, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, US
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    E. Nemitz,

    Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, GB
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    J. Rinne,

    Department of Physical Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI
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    M. Kulmala,

    Department of Physical Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI
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    T. Grönholm,

    Department of Physical Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI
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    R. Taipale,

    Department of Physical Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI
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    T. Vesala

    Department of Physical Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI
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    Abstract

    Atmosphere–surface exchange represents one mechanism by which atmospheric particle mass and number size distributions are modified. Deposition velocities (vd) exhibit a pronounced dependence on surface type, due in part to turbulence structure (as manifest in friction velocity), with minima of approximately 0.01 and 0.2 cm s-1 over grasslands and 0.1–1 cm s-1 over forests. However, as noted over 20 yr ago, observations over forests generally do not support the pronounced minimum of deposition velocity (vd) for particle diameters of 0.1–2 μm as manifest in theoretical predictions. Closer agreement between models and observations is found over less-rough surfaces though those data also imply substantially higher surface collection efficiencies than were originally proposed and are manifest in current models. We review theorized dependencies for particle fluxes, describe and critique model approaches and innovations in experimental approaches, and synthesize common conclusions of experimental and modelling studies. We end by proposing a number of research avenues that should be pursued in to facilitate further insights and development of improved numerical models of atmospheric particles.

    How to Cite: Pryor, S.C., Gallagher, M., Sievering, H., Larsen, S.E., Barthelmie, R.J., Birsan, F., Nemitz, E., Rinne, J., Kulmala, M., Grönholm, T., Taipale, R. and Vesala, T., 2008. A review of measurement and modelling results of particle atmosphere–surface exchange. Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 60(1), pp.42–75. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2007.00298.x
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      Published on 01 Jan 2008
    Peer Reviewed
     CC BY 4.0
     Accepted on 21 Jun 2007            Submitted on 1 Oct 2006

    Reference

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