• \
    Start Submission Become a Reviewer

    Reading: Cross-tropopause fluxes of ozone using assimilation of MOZAIC observations in a global CTM

    Download

     A- A+
    Alt. Display

    Original Research Papers

    Cross-tropopause fluxes of ozone using assimilation of MOZAIC observations in a global CTM

    Authors:

    H. L. Clark ,

    CNRM/GAME, Météo France and CNRS URA, FR
    X close

    M.-L. Cathala,

    CNRM/GAME, Météo France and CNRS URA, FR
    X close

    H. Teyssédre,

    CNRM/GAME, Météo France and CNRS URA, FR
    X close

    J.-P. Cammas,

    Laboratoire d’Aerologie,Observertoire Midi-Pyrenees, FR
    X close

    V.-H. Peuch

    CNRM/GAME, Météo France and CNRS URA, FR
    X close

    Abstract

    Ozone measurements from Measurements of OZone and wAter vapour by aIrbus in-service airCraft (MOZAIC) have been assimilated into the global chemical transport model ofMétéo France known as Mod`ele de Chimie Atmosphérique `a Grande Echelle (MOCAGE). The assimilation makes improvements to the free model simulations of ozone in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, which are generally overestimated in the tropical region and underestimated in mid-latitudes. The tropical–subtropical gradient of ozone is also improved following assimilation and comparison with vertical profiles from ozonesondes suggests that the assimilation leads to a better representation of the vertical gradient around the tropopause.We use the assimilated fields to calculate a value for the flux of ozone across the tropopause. The net flux of ozone from stratosphere to troposphere is found to be 451 Tg yr-1 before assimilation and 383 Tg yr-1 after assimilation. The downward flux of ozone in the mid-latitudes exhibits an annual cycle with maximum flux occurring in early spring and minimum flux in autumn.

    How to Cite: Clark, H.L., Cathala, M.-L., Teyssédre, H., Cammas, J.-P. and Peuch, V.-H., 2007. Cross-tropopause fluxes of ozone using assimilation of MOZAIC observations in a global CTM. Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 59(1), pp.39–49. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00227.x
      Published on 01 Jan 2007
    Peer Reviewed
     CC BY 4.0
     Accepted on 10 Oct 2006            Submitted on 3 Jan 2006

    References

    1. Bechtold , P. , Bazile , E. , Guichard , E , Mascart , P. and Richard , E . 2001 . A mass-flux convection scheme for regional and global models . Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc . 127 , 869 – 886 .  

    2. Cathala , M.-L . 2004 . Assimilation de mesures chimiques d' ozone au niveau de la tropopause dans un modele de chimie-transport global . PhD Thesis , Universite Toulouse DI- Paul Sabatier , France .  

    3. Cathala , M.-L. , Pailleux , J. and Peuch , V-H . 2003 . Improving global chemical simulations of the upper troposphere-lower stratosphere with sequential assimilation of MOZAIC data . Tellus 55B , 1 – 10 .  

    4. Courtier , P. , Freydier , C. , Geleyn , J.-E , Rabier, E and Rochas, M. 1991. The ARPEGE project at Meteo-France. In: Workshop on numerical methods in atmospheric models Vol. 2. ECMWF, Reading, UK, 193 – 231.  

    5. Crutzen , P. J. , Lawrence , M. G. and Poschl , U . 1999 . On the background photochemistry of tropospheric ozone, Tellus 51A-B , 123 - 146 .  

    6. Drummond , J. R. and Mand , G. S. 1996 . The measurements of pollution in the troposphere (MOPITT) instrument: overall performance and calibration requirements . J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol . 13 , 314 – 320.  

    7. Dufour , A. , Amodei , M. , Ancellet , G. and Peuch , V-H . 2005 . Observed and modeled “chemical weather” during ESCOMPTE . Atmos. Res . 74 , 161 – 189 .  

    8. Fischer , H. , Wienhold , E G. , Hoor , P. , Bujok, 0., Schiller, C. and co-authors. 2000. Tracer correlations in the northern high latitude low-ermost stratosphere: Influence of cross tropopause mass exchange. Geophys. Res. Lett. 27, 97 – 100.  

    9. Geer , A. J. , Lahoz , W. A. , Bekki , S. , Bormann , N. , Errera , Q. and co-authors. 2006. The ASSET intercomparison of ozone analyses: method and first results. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss . 6 , 4495 - 4577 .  

    10. Gettelman , A . and Sobel , A. H. 2000. Direct diagnoses of stratosphere-troposphere exchange . J. Atmos. Sci . 57 , 3 – 16.  

    11. Gettelman , A. , Holton , J. R. and Rosenlof , K. H . 1997 . Mass fluxes of 03, CH4, N20, and CF2CL2 in the lower stratosphere calculated from observational data . J. Geophys. Res . 102 , 19 149-19 159 .  

    12. Grewe , V. and Dameris , M . 1996 . Calculating the global mass exchange between stratosphere and troposphere . Annales Geophysicae 14 , 431 – 442 .  

    13. Grewe , V . 2006 . The origin of ozone. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 6 , 1495 – 1511. Hoerling, M. P., Schaak, T. K. and Lenzen, A. J. 1991. Global objective tropopause analysis. Mon . Wea. Re v . 119 , 1816 – 1831 .  

    14. Holton , J. R. , Haynes , P. H. , McIntyre , M. E. , Douglas , A. R. , Rood , R. B. and co-authors. 1995. Stratosphere-troposphere exchange. Rev. Geophys. 33, 403 – 439.  

    15. Hoor , P. , Fischer , H. , Lange , L. , Lelieveld , J. and Brunner , D . 2002 . Seasonal variations of a mixing layer in the lowermost stratosphere as identified by the CO-03 correlation from in situ measurements . J. Geophys. Res . 107 ( D5 ), 4044 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JDO00289 .  

    16. Horowitz , L. , Walters , W. S. , Mauzerall , D. L. , Emmons , L. K. , Rasch , P. J. and co-authors. 2003. A global simulation of tropospheric ozone and related tracers: Description and evaluation of MOZART, version 2. J. Geophys. Res . 108(1)24), 4784, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JDO02853 .  

    17. Jing , P. , Cunnold , D. M. , Wang , H. J. and Yang , E. S . 2004 . Isentropic Cross-Tropopause Ozone Transport in the Northern Hemisphere. J. Atmos. Sc i . 61 , 1068 – 1078 .  

    18. Josse , B. , Simon , P. and Peuch , V.-H . 2004 . Radon global simulations with the multiscale chemistry and transport model MOCAGE . Tellus 56B , 339 – 356 .  

    19. Law , K. S. , Plantevin , P. H. , Shallcross , D. E. , Rogers , H. L. , Pyle , J. A. and co-authors. 1998. Evaluation of modeled 03 using Mea-surement of Ozone by Airbus In-Service Aircraft (MOZAIC) data. J. Geophys. Res . 103,25721-25737 , https://doi.org/10.1029/98JD01482  

    20. Law , K. S. , Plantevin , P. H. , Thouret , V. , Marenco , A. , Asman , W. A. H. and co-authors. 2000. Comparison between global chemistry transport model results and Measurement of Ozone and Water Vapor by Airbus In-Service Aircraft (MOZAIC) data. ./. Geophys. Res., 105, 1503-1526, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD900474 .  

    21. Lefevre , E , Brasseur , G. P. , Folkins , I. , Smith , A. K. and Simon , P . 1994 . Chemistry of the 1991-192 stratospheric winter: three-dimensional model simulations . J. Geophys. Res . 99 , 8183 – 8195 .  

    22. Marenco , A. , Thouret , V. , Nedelec , P. , Smit, H. Helten , M. and co-authors. 1998. Measurement of ozone and water vapor by Airbus in-service aircraft: The MOZAIC airborne program, an overview. J. Geophys. Res . 103, 25631 – 25642.  

    23. Mari , C. , Jacob , D. J. and Bechtold , P . 2000 . Transport and scavenging of soluble gases in a deep convective cloud . J. Geophys. Res . 105 , 22 255-22 267 .  

    24. Michou , M. and Peuch , V -H . 2002 . Surface exchanges in the MOCAGE multi-scale chemistry and transport model . Water Sci. Re v . 15 , 173 – 203 .  

    25. Michou , M. , Laville , P. , Serça , D. , Fotiadi , A. , Bouchou , P. and co-authors. 2005. Measured and modeled dry deposition velocities over the ESCOMPTE area. Atmos. Res. 74(1-4), 89 – 116.  

    26. Nho-Kim , E.-Y. , Michou , M. and Peuch , V.-H . 2004 . Parameterization of size dependent particle dry deposition velocities for global modeling . Atmos. Env . 38 ( 13 ), 1933 – 1942 .  

    27. Meloen , J. , Siegmund , P. , van Velthoven , P. , Kelder , H. , Sprenger , M. and co-authors. 2003. Stratosphere troposphere exchange: a model and method intercomparison. J. Geophys. Res . 108(1)12), 8526, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002274 .  

    28. Murphy , D. M. and Fahey , D. W . 1994 . An estimate of the flux of strato-spheric reactive nitrogen and ozone into the troposphere . J. Geophys. Res . 99 , 5325 – 5332 .  

    29. Olsen , M. A. , Douglass , A. R. and Schoeberl , M. R . 2002 . Estimating downward cross-tropopause ozone flux using col-umn ozone and potential voracity , J. Geophys. Res . 107 , 4636 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD002041 .  

    30. Olsen , M. A. , Douglass , A. R. and Schoeberl , M. R . 2003 . A comparison of Northern and Southern Hemisphere cross-tropopause ozone flux . Geophys. Res. Lett . 30 , 1412 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL016538 .  

    31. Olsen , M. A. , Schoeberl , M. R. and Douglass , A. R . 2004 . Stratosphere-troposphere exchange of mass and ozone . J. Geophys. Res . 109 , D24114 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JDO05186 .  

    32. Pan , L. , Randel , W. J. , Gary , B. L. , Mahoney , M. J. and Hintsa , E. J. 2004. Definitions and sharpness of the extratropical tropopause: A trace gas perspective. J. Geophys. Res . 109 , D23103, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004982 .  

    33. Peuch , V -H. , Amodei , M. , Barthet , T. , Cathala, M.-L., Josse, B. and co-authors. 1999. MOCAGE Modele de Chimie, Atmospherique a Grande Echelle, Actes des Atelier de Modelisation de l'Atmosphere, Mete° France, 33 – 36.  

    34. Pradier , S. , Attie, J.-L., Chong, M., Escobar, J., Peuch, V -H. and co-authors. 2006. Evaluation of 2001 springtime CO transport over West Africa using MOPITT CO measurements assimilated in a global chemistry transport model. Tellus 58B, 163 – 176.  

    35. Ramanathan , V. , Callis , L. , Cess , R. , Hansen , J. , Isaksen , I. and co-authors. 1987. Climate-chemical interactions and effects of changing atmospheric trace gases. Rev. Geophys. 25, 1441 – 1482.  

    36. Randriambelo , T. , Baray, L.-L. and Baldy, S. 2000. Reunion Island field observations. J. Geophys. Res . 105 , 11813 – 11832.  

    37. Roelofs , G.-J. and Lelieveld , J. 1995. Distribution and budget of 03 in the troposphere calculated with a chemistry general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res . 100 , 20983 – 20998.  

    38. Roelofs , G. J. , Kentarchos , A. S. , Trickl , T. , Stohl , A. , Collins , W. J and co-authors. 2003. Intercomparison of tropospheric ozone models: Ozone transport in a complex tropopause folding event. J. Geophys. Res . 108 ( D12 ), 8529, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003462 .  

    39. Sherwood , S. C. and Dessler , A. E . 2000 . On the control of stratospheric humidity . Geophys. Res. Lett . 27 , 2513 – 2516 .  

    40. Soden , B. J. and Bretherton, E P. 1994. Evaluation of water vapour distribution in General Circulation Models using satellite observa-tions. J. Geophys. Res . 99 , 1187 – 1210.  

    41. Stockwell , W. R. , Kirchner , E , Khun , M. and Seefeld , S . 1997 . A new mechanism for regional atmospheric chemistry modelling . J. Geo-phys. Res . 102 , 25847 – 25879 .  

    42. Stohl , A. , Bonasoni , P. , Cristofanelli , P. , Collins , W. , Feichter , J. and co-authors. 2003. Stratosphere-troposphere exchange: A review, and what we have learned from STACCATO. ./. Geophys. Res. 108(D12), 8516, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002490 .  

    43. Stevenson , D. S. , Dentener, E J., Schultz, M. G., Ellingsen, K., van Noije, T. P. C. and co-authors. 2006. Multi-model ensemble simulations of present-day and near-future tropospheric ozone. .1. Geophys. Res. 111, D08301, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006338 .  

    44. Thompson , A. M. , Witte , J. C. , McPeters , R. D. , Oltmans , S. J. , Schmidlin, E J. and co-authors. 2003. Southern Hemisphere Ad-ditional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ) 1998-2000 Tropical Ozone Cli-matology, 1, Comparison with Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) and ground-based Measurements. .1. Geophys. Res. 108, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD000967 .  

    45. Thouret , V. , Marenco , A. , Logan , J. A. , Nedelec, P. and Grouhel, C. 1998. Ozone climatologies at 9-12 km altitude as seen by MOZAIC airborne program between September 1994 and August 1996.J. Geophys. Res. 103, 25653 – 25679.  

    46. Williamson , D. L. and Rasch , P. J. 1989. Two-dimensional semi-Lagrangian transport with shape-preserving interpolation. Mon. Wea. Rev. 117 130 – 137.  

    47. Wirth , V. and Egger , J. 1999. Diagnosing extratropical synoptic-scale stratosphere-troposphere exchange: A case study. Quart. .1. Royal. Met. Soc. 125, 635 – 655.  

    48. Wei , M.-Y . 1987 . A new formulation of the exchange of mass and trace constituents between the stratosphere and troposphere . J. Atmos. Sci . 44 , 3076 – 3089 .  

    49. Wei , M.-Y . 1995 . Reply—J . Atmos. Sci . 52 , 2494 .  

    50. World Meteorological Organization (WMO) , 1986. Atmospheric ozone 1985, global ozone research and monitoring report Rep 16.  

    51. World Meteorological Organization ( WM0), 1998. Scientific assess-ment of ozone depletion 1998.Global ozone research and monitoring report Rep 44.  

    Jump to Discussions Related content
    comments powered by Disqus